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Heat Illness Prevention & Sun Safety
Types of Heat Illness
Last Updated: June 06, 2019
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Heat Illness Prevention & Sun Safety
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Types of Heat Illness
Introduction
Page Content
Heat exhaustion (Armed Forces Reportable Medical Event)
Signs and Symptoms:
dizziness, headache, nausea, weakness, unsteady gait, muscle cramps, fatigue
core temperature elevated but remains below 104⁰F
symptoms resolve rapidly with cooling interventions
Treatment:
rest Soldier in shade
loosen uniform/remove head gear
heave Soldier drink 1.5 quarts of water over 1 hour
evacuate if no improvement in 15-20 minutes, or if Soldier's condition worsens
Heat stroke (Armed Forces Reportable Medical Event)
Signs and Symptoms:
Primary symptom is change in mental status (confusion, delirium, combative, loss of consciousness)
profuse sweating, vomiting, weakness, convulsions and chills
Heat strokes are a medical emergency and in severe cases can be fatal – initiate rapid cooling and Medevac
the faster the body is cooled, the less damage to the brain and organs
Treatment:
call EMS or for
MEDEVAC
remove all out clothing
initiate rapid cooling with ice sheets
cover all but the face with ice sheets
ensure the ice sheet is soaked prior to applying to the Soldier
switch ice sheets every 6 minutes with new ice sheets
Hyponatremia
Signs and Symptoms:
mental status changes
repeated vomiting (clear vomit)
excessive water intake
poor food intake
abdomen distended/bloated
large amounts of clear urine
Treatment:
verify sodium
do not give more water or IV fluids
if awake, allow Soldier to consume salty foods
evacuate immediately